Nzvimbo yehungwaru yelepidolite yekubvisa lithium yakagadziridzwa
Kubviswa kwe lithium kubva ku mica: tekinoroji kubudirira, kuve chikamu chakakosha chelithium resource supply
Nekubudirira kwelithium mica extraction tekinoroji uye kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, lithium mica kutorwa kwe lithium kwawana kugadzirwa kwakakura, mutengo wekugadzira wasvika paavhareji mutengo weinjiniya yelithium, uye chigadzirwa chakanyanya kugadzikana, icho chave kuzivikanwa ne vagadziri vezvinhu zvepasi pemvura.Lepidolite zvishoma nezvishoma yakava chikamu chakakosha chelithium resource supply.
Iko kuvandudza kwe lithium mica kwave kudiwa kwehurongwa
Kutsamira kweChina pane lithium zviwanikwa kwakakwira kusvika 70%.Zviwanikwa zvepasi rose zvelithium zvinonyanya kugoverwa muChile, Australia neArgentina, uye China's lithium resource reserves account inongova 7%.Panguva imwecheteyo, China ine hukuru hukuru hwe lithium munyu.Pakazosvika 2020, huwandu hwelithium carbonate uye lithium hydroxide hunosvika 506900 matani eLCE, uye huwandu hwepasi rose hwelithium munyu hunosvika 785700 matani eLCE, inoverengera 65% yenyika.Naizvozvo, zviwanikwa zveLithium zveChina zvinotsamira zvakanyanya kune dzimwe nyika.Zvingangosvika makumi manomwe muzana emigodhi yelithium zvinoenderana nekutengesa kunze kwenyika, izvo chikamu cheAustralia chinosvika pa60%.
Kubva 2018, hukama hweChina Australia hwakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma.Muna Chivabvu 2021, National Development and Reform Commission yakaburitsa chirevo ichizivisa kumiswa kwezviitiko pasi penharembozha yeChina Australia Strategic economy yakabatana ichitungamirwa nemapazi akakodzera ehurumende yemubatanidzwa yeAustralia, uye hukama hweChina neAustralia hwakapinda mumhirizhonga.
Sezvo iyo yakakosha zvinhu zvelithium simba idzva, lithium zviwanikwa, inozivikanwa se "white oil", yakakwira kune yeChina yenyika strategic reserve zviwanikwa kubvira 2016, uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kunodzivirirwa nenyika.Kuti utarise dambudziko rekuchengetedza lithium resource kuchengetedzeka kunokonzerwa nekudzikira kwehukama hweChina Australia, kusimba uye kumhanya kwemukati methium resource development inogona kusimbiswa.
Lithium zviwanikwa zveChina zvinonyanya madziva emunyu, spodumene uye lepidolite.Salt lake lithium account ye83%, inonyanya kugoverwa muQinghai neTibet;Spodumene account ye15%, inonyanya kugoverwa muSichuan;Lepidolite account ye2%, inonyanya kugoverwa muJiangxi.
Iyo lithium yekubvisa maitiro e lithium mica yave ichienderera mberi nekugadziridzwa uye kukwidziridzwa
Nzira dzekubvisa lithium kubva ku lepidolite dzinonyanya kusanganisira lime roasting, sulfuric acid roasting, sulfate roasting, chlorination roasting uye pressure boiling.
Kuenzaniswa ne spodumene, lepidolite inonyanya kutarisana nekusachena kwakawanda mukuita kwekuchera, kunyanya ine fluorine-ine zvinhu.Mica iripo muchimiro chesilicate uye ine yakaomesesa chimiro.Muchikamu chekutanga, inoda kupisa-kupisa uye kurapwa kwe defluorination kuti isunungure chimiro cheore yakasvibirira, uye wozoita kukuya kunotevera.Uye zvakare, mune yakazotevera nhanho, fluorine element iri nyore kugadzira hydrofluoric acid mukuita maitiro, iyo inoshatisa michina, zvichikonzera kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa.
Limestone yekugocha nzira inonyanya kushandiswa padanho rekutanga re lithium kutorwa kubva ku lepidolite.Pamusana pemaitiro akaoma ekubvisa tsvina uye kuwanda kwemarara emarara, zvishoma nezvishoma zvakabviswa.Pane zvakawanda zvinodzivirira corrosion zvinodikanwa zvekushandisa sulfuric acid yekugadzira mushure mekuita nzira ye sulfuric acid, asi iyo corrosion resistance ye sulfuric acid production equipment yakakwira.Parizvino, mabhizinesi mazhinji muYichun Nzvimbo Shandisa sulfate yekugocha nzira yekugadzira.Muchikamu chekutanga, potassium sulfate inonyanya kushandiswa.Iye zvino, sodium sulfate uye sodium potassium sulfate inoshandiswa sechinzvimbo kuti iwedzere kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-19-2022